苹果Swift语言入门教程【中文版】

class Square: NamedShape {var sideLength: Double init(sideLength: Double, name: String) { self.sideLength = sideLength super.init(name: name) numberOfSides = 4 } func area() -> Double { return sideLength * sideLength } override func simpleDescription() -> String { return "A square with sides of length (sideLength)." } } let test = Square(sideLength: 5.2, name: "my test square") test.area() test.simpleDescription()

Note

练习

编写另一个 NamedShape 的子类叫做 Circle ，接受半径和名字到其构造器。实现 area 和 describe 方法。

属性可以有 getter 和 setter 。

class EquilateralTriangle: NamedShape

{

var sideLength: Double = 0.0

init(sideLength: Double, name: String){

self.sideLength = sideLength

super.init(name: name)

numberOfSides = 3

}

var perimeter: Double{

get {

return 3.0 * sideLength

}

set {

sideLength = newValue / 3.0

}

}

override func simpleDescription() -> String {

return "An equilateral triangle with sides of length (sideLength)."

}

}

var triangle = EquilateralTriangle(sideLength: 3.1, name: "a triangle")

triangle.perimeter

triangle.perimeter = 9.9

triangle.sideLength

在 perimeter 的 setter 中，新的值的名字就是 newValue 。你可以提供一个在 set 之后提供一个不冲突的名字。

注意 EquilateralTriangle 的构造器有3个不同的步骤：

设置属性的值 调用超类的构造器 改变超类定义的属性的值，添加附加的工作来使用方法、getter、setter也可以在这里

如果你不需要计算属性，但是仍然要提供在设置值之后执行工作，使用 willSet 和 didSet 。例如，下面的类要保证其三角的边长等于矩形的变长。

class TriangleAndSquare {

var triangle: EquilaterTriangle {

willSet {

square.sideLength = newValue.sideLength

}

}

var square: Square {

willSet {

triangle.sideLength = newValue.sideLength

}

}

init(size: Double, name: String) {

square = Square(sideLength: size, name: name)

triangle = EquilaterTriangle(sideLength: size, name: name)

}

}

var triangleAndSquare = TriangleAndSquare(size: 10, name: "another test shape")

triangleAndSquare.square.sideLength

triangleAndSquare.triangle.sideLength

triangleAndSquare.square = Square(sideLength: 50, name: "larger square")

triangleAndSquare.triangle.sideLength

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