如何立足Hadoop成功建立商务智能：七项必备方法

在企业实施Hadoop技术时，其中的***用例无疑在于商务智能(简称BI)。根据新近发布的一项基准调查结果，我们整理出最适用于处理各类工作负载的几款Hadoop SQL引擎。下面，我们一起来看：

1. 不存在万试万灵的选项

No Single Best Engine

The benchmark results show that there is no one-size-fits-all general purpose engine for executing these types of queries. "Depending on raw data size, query complexity, and the target number of end-users, enterprises will find that each engine has its own 'sweet spot,'" according to the study's findings.

2. 小数据对大数据

Small Vs. Big Data

The benchmark shows that Impala and Spark SQL are the stars when it comes to queries against small data sets. AtScale said that the most recent release of Hive LLAP (Live Long and Process) shows acceptable query response times on small data sets, and that Presto also shows promise for these types of queries.

3. 少对多

Few Vs. Many

This metric looks at the performance when the data is hit with many queries at the same time. Presto, which AtScale included for the first time in this benchmark test, showed the best results for concurrency testing. Impala continued its strong concurrent query performance. Hive and Spark SQL registered significant improvements on this metric in the current benchmark test.

4. 复杂查询情况

Complex Queries

AtScale's Klahr warns that, while Impala and Presto do well on concurrency, the results shifted as queries became more complex. When it came to complex queries, SparkSQL started to outperform Impala, Klahr told InformationWeek. "You need to have a multi-engine strategy and a mechanism that can automatically route end-user queries to the right engine without the end-user having to think about 'Am I writing a Spark query or an Impala query?'" he said, noting that AtScale does perform that kind of automatic routing to the best engine.

5. 大规模数据集

Large Data Sets

Querying big data sets generally means slower results. The fastest performing engines for these data sets were Spark SQL at less than 20 seconds, followed by Impala at less than 40 seconds. Response times for both of these engines improved significantly from the benchmark six months ago to today. Hive and Presto returned results in just over 2 minutes. Increasing the number of joins generally increased processing time, according to AtScale. Spark SQL and Impala were more likely to perform best as the number of joins increased.

6. 不同引擎各擅胜场

Everybody Wins

All the engines that were evaluated registered significant performance improvements since AtScale's last benchmark test 6 months ago -- on the order of 2x to 4x, according to the company. "This is great news for those enterprises deploying BI workloads to Hadoop. We believe that a best-of-breed strategy -- best engine, best semantic Bilayer, best visualization tool -- will lead enterprises down the most successful path to BI-on-Hadoop success," the company said in its benchmark report.

7. 充分考虑开源优势

Open Source Advances

Klahr told InformationWeek in an interview that between the first edition of the benchmark 6 months ago and today, the query performance of Hive improved by 3.5x, Spark by 2.5x, and Impala by 3x. "If I'm a buyer or an executive, these improvements are going to make me stop and question any investment on a proprietary Hadoop engine," Klahr said, because these open source tools are being improved at a rapid pace.